Pallof Press
obliques
What moves the load, and what it costs
3.5MET
Obliques is the prime mover, with the abs assisting. The purest anti-rotation exercise there is. The weight is not supposed to move you, and if it does, it is too heavy.
Cue: Stand side-on to the cable and press the handle straight out from your chest without letting your torso rotate.
SOURCE·2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities·FILED UNDER CALISTHENICS, LIGHT·REVIEWED JUL 2026
SHARED AXIS · SEVEN VALUES FROM ONE TABLE · HIGHLIGHTED ROW IS THIS MOVEMENT
The compendium files pallof press under a category, not a lift. Read the ladder as position, not precision: this is heavier work than sitting quietly by a factor of 3.5, and middling for conditioning work.
Turning that MET value into a real energy cost
- Map the movement to a published category. The compendium measures categories of conditioning work, never individual lifts, so pallof press is filed under Calisthenics, light or moderate effort, general (e.g. back exercises).
- Take the category's MET value — 3.5. One MET is the cost of sitting quietly, so this is 3.5 times resting metabolism.
- Multiply by 3.5 to get millilitres of oxygen per kilogram per minute, the unit the MET is actually defined in.
- Multiply by your bodyweight in kilograms and divide by 200. The result is kilocalories per minute of work.
- Count working minutes only. Under load, not under the roof — a set of eight is about 25 seconds of the hour you were there.
kcal/min = MET × 3.5 × body mass (kg) ÷ 200 Pallof Press: 3.5 × 3.5 × 70 ÷ 200 = 4.29 kcal/min
SOURCE·ACSM metabolic equation + 2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities·REFERENCE BODY MASS 70 KG·REVIEWED JUL 2026
What is actually doing the work
| Muscle | Role | What it does here |
|---|---|---|
| ObliquesExternal and internal obliques | Prime mover | Rotate and side-bend the trunk, and resist rotation. The internal oblique on one side works with the external oblique on the other. |
| AbsRectus abdominis | Synergist / stabiliser | Bends the trunk forward and, more usefully, resists it being extended backwards. Both a crunch and a plank load it — differently. |
The prime mover produces the movement against the resistance; synergists assist and stabilisers hold a joint still without moving it. An exercise trains the whole muscle it loads — there is no way to work only part of a muscle, and no exercise removes fat from the area around it.
Set up, then earn the rep
Cable machine. Held for time, not counted in reps — the set ends when the position breaks, not when the clock does.
PATTERN · ROTATION
- Stand side-on to the cable anchor at chest height and take the handle in both hands at your sternum.
- Step away until there is real tension, feet shoulder width, knees soft, trunk braced.
- Stand side-on to the cable and press the handle straight out from your chest without letting your torso rotate.
- Press the hands straight out in front of your chest. The resistance will try to rotate you — do not let it.
- Hold for a beat with the arms extended, then bring the hands back to the chest.
- Complete the reps, then turn around and do the same number facing the other way.
Where this one breaks down
Not theory. These are the faults you correct on a gym floor, and the correction that actually works.
Letting the torso turn towards the anchor.
That is the exercise failing. Reduce the load or stand closer.
Standing too square to the anchor.
Side-on is what creates the rotational force.
Rushing the press.
The value is in the hold at full extension, where the leverage is worst.
Regress it, or progress it
Regress — earn it first
Prescription: load, reps, rest
Read off the goal, then hold the technique constant as the load climbs. Derived from the movement's mechanics, not invented for this page: a held position is measured in seconds, and the set ends when the position breaks.
| Goal | Sets | Hold | Rest | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Learning the position | 2–3 | 15–20 sec | 45–60 sec | Stop the set when the position breaks, not when the timer does. |
| Building capacity | 3–4 | 30–45 sec | 60 sec | Add time before you add load, up to about a minute per set. |
| Strength (loaded) | 3–4 | 20–30 sec | 90 sec | Past a minute of easy holding, add resistance rather than more seconds. |
| Fat loss / circuits | 3–4 | 30–40 sec | 20–30 sec | Short rests keep the heart rate up; the position still has to hold. |
Time under load, in kilocalories
Read these as minutes of work, not minutes in the building. A set of eight takes about twenty-five seconds; the rest of the hour is rest, chalk and queueing.
Mapped category: Calisthenics, light or moderate effort, general (e.g. back exercises) — 3.5 MET. That is the published category this movement is filed under, not a measurement of this specific lift.
Worked at 3.5 MET × 3.5 × 70 kg ÷ 200 = 4.29 kcal per working minute for a 70 kg adult. Scale it by your own bodyweight; the equation is linear. The full activity dataset lives at BurnLab.
SOURCE·2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities·CATEGORY VALUE, NOT A PER-EXERCISE MEASUREMENT·REVIEWED JUL 2026
If the rack is taken
Substitutes train the same prime mover through the same pattern with different kit. Computed from the muscle and pattern data on this card, not hand-picked to fill a grid.
Nothing at all to hand: Side Plank is the closest match — same prime mover, same pattern, no kit.
Where it sits in a week
One movement is not a programme. The twelve templates put these in order, including 6 that need no gym at all.
The questions that come up on the floor
What muscles does the pallof press work?
Pallof Press is an isometric hold in which the obliques is the prime mover, assisted by the abs. Rotate and side-bend the trunk, and resist rotation. The internal oblique on one side works with the external oblique on the other.
Is the pallof press good for beginners?
Yes. It rates 2 out of 5 for technical difficulty on this site — learnable in a session or two; low injury cost if it goes wrong. Start with the lightest sensible load and two or three sets of 30–40 sec.
What can I do instead of the pallof press at home?
The closest no-equipment substitute is the side plank, which trains the same prime mover through the same movement pattern. If you own a little equipment, the band pallof press is closer still. It will not load you as heavily, so use higher reps and slower tempo to make up the difference.
How many sets and reps of the pallof press should I do?
For muscle size, 3–4 sets of 30–45 sec with 60 sec rest. For strength, 2–3 sets of 15–20 sec with 45–60 sec rest. In your first month, 3–4 sets of 30–40 sec, stopping well short of failure. Total weekly hard sets per muscle group matters more than the exact rep number in any of these ranges.
Does the pallof press burn fat from the obliques?
No. No exercise removes fat from the area it trains — spot reduction has been tested repeatedly and does not happen. Training the obliques builds the muscle underneath; where body fat is lost from is decided by an overall calorie deficit and by your genetics, not by which exercise you chose.
Muscle roles follow standard kinesiology references and are described by joint action rather than by gym convention — see how this site is built. Energy figures are derived from the 2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities. Every reference is named and dated on the sources page. General information only — not medical or coaching advice. Load, form and progression should be adjusted to your own experience and any injury history. When in doubt, get coached in person.
SOURCE·Published exercise references·MUSCLE ROLES ASSIGNED BY JOINT ACTION·REVIEWED JUL 2026
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